COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ANTIMICROBIAL STRENGTH OF THREE MOST COMMON ANTIBIOTICS USED IN ENUGU

(CASE STUDY OF ANTIBIOTICS DRUGS BROUGHT IN OBIAGU.)

ABATRACT

 

In comparing the antimicrobial strength of three most common antibiotics, which includes: streptomycin chloranphenicol and gentarccin.

Samples of urine and high vaginal swab (H.V.S) were collected from park lane Enugu. The organisms isolated were pure culture of staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli

Sensitivity test was carried out with  the use of sensitivity disk containing various minimum inhibitory concentration of the different antibiotics.

The result obtained shaved that gentamicn was more effective followed by chloramphenicol while some organisms shaved resistant to streptomycin.

 

 

 

 

 

 

LIST OF TABLE

 

TABLE 1    NUTRIENT AGAR

TABLE 2    BLOOD AGAR

TABLE 3:   ANTIBIOTICS AGAINST SYAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS

TABLE 4: ANTIBIOTIC AGAINST ESCHERICHIA COLI

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

LIST OF FIGURES

 

FIGURE 1: STREPTOMYCIN

FIGURE 2:           CHLORAMPHENICOL

FIGURE3: SENSITIVITY TEST ON STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS

FIGURE 4 SENSITIVITY TEST ON ESCHERICHIA COLI

FIGURE 5: STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS AGAINST ANTIBIOTICS

FIGURE 6: ESCHERICHIA COLI AGAINST ANTIBIOTICS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

TABLE OF CONTEANT

 

Title page                                                                               

Certification                                                                           

Dedication                                                                              

Acknowledgement                                                                  

Abstract                                                                                   

List of tables                                                                           

List of figures                                                                         

Table of contents

                                                         

CHAPTER ONE

1.0            Introduction

1.1            Historical background

1.2            Aims and objective

1.3            Hypothesis

1.4            Statement of problem

1.5            Scope of study

1.6            Limitation of study

 

CHAPTER TWO

2.0            Literature review

3.1            Procurement of antibiotics

3.1.1 streptomycin

2.1.2    Chloramphenicol

2.1.3    Gentamicin

2.2            Antimicrobial activity in vitro

2.3            Antimicrobial activity in vivo

2.4            Resistance to antimicrobial  drugs

2.5            Factors affecting antimicrobial activity

2.6            Clinical use of antibiotics

2.7            Characteristic of antibiotics

 

CHAPTER THREE

3.0            Materials and method

3.1            Sample collection

3.1.1    Media composition

3.1.2    Direction for the preparation of nutrient agar

3.1.3    Direction for the preparation of blood agar

3.1.4    Material used for the prewritten of media

 

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0            Isolation and identification procedures

4.1.1 Isolation and identification of staphylococcus aureus

4.1.2 Isolation and identification of escherichia coli

4.2            Sensitivity test

 

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0            RECOMMENDATION

5.1            CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER ONE

 

INTRODUCTION

1.1              HISTORICAL BACK GROUND

Antibiotics are chemicals when the chemical are put into the body, they stop the growth of kinds of germs. They help the body to fight diseases. More than 3,000 years ago ancient people stumbled over the discovery that some moulds could be used as a cure. The egyptians, the chinese, and indians of central American would use mold to treat rashes and infected would. At that time they didn’t understand either diseases or treatment. As time went on, people began to gain some insight of disease. In the 1860 Louis Pasteur Shaw that many disease were caused it bacteria. Later he discovered that we may be able to fight germ and other microbes. It was two German doctors, who were first to make an effective medication form microbes. Kudo if and Emmerich and Oscar has conducted their experiment in the  1890. They proved that germ that would for another. All the men did was to take the germ from infected bandages and grow then in a test tube. They would  then isolate a particular germ that caused green in factions in open would. This germs was bacteria called Bacillus pyoicyaneus. They put then into another test tube containing other type of bacteria, it was  then it happened that the bacillus pyocyaneus wiped out the other disease germ. The germs that was killed were those that