Production Of Soap And Detergent Through Coid Process

PRODUCTION OF SOAP AND DETERGENT THROUGH COID PROCESS

ABSTRACT

Today in every market exists different types of soap and detergents.  Some of them are not efficacious as advertised because the ingredients of such soaps are not always in right proportion and as such the efficacy of active ingredients is not rendered.  It is now generally accepted that soap produced using linear alkyl benzine sulphonate has a high brodegralbility effect.  Based on this a high quality soap and detergent has been produced using L.A.B.S. the soaps and detergent produce compared with that of large scale industrial products (Omo) in terms of foamability and washability showed relatively equal degree of washability and foamability.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title page

Certification

Dedication

Acknowledgement

Abstract

Table of contents

CHAPTER   ONE

1.0     Introduction

1.1     Definition

1.2     Statement of Problem

1.3     Aim/Objectives

1.4     significance of Study

1.5     Hypothesis

1.6     Limitation of the Study

CHAPTER   TWO

2.0     Literature Review

2.1     Surfactants

2.2     Other Pre-over Products

2.3     War-Time and Post-War progress

2.4     Present Developments

2.5     Soapy Detergent

2.6     Soapless Detergent

CHPATER   THREE

3.0     Materials and Method

3.1     Materials

3.2     Apparatus

3.3     Methodology

CHAPTER   FOUR

4.0     Soap Analysis

4.1     Observations

4.2     Calculation/Data Analysis

CHAPTER   FIVE

5.0              RESULT, CONCLUSION/RECOMMENDATION

5.1     RESULT

5.2     CONCLUSION

5.3     RECOMMENDATION

REFRENCE

CHAPTER ONE

1.1       INTRODUCTION

Soap can be defined as the sodium or potassium salt of fatty acid, made by hydrolyzing fats and oils with caustic alkali (cook 1964).  Soap acts as a good cleansing agent in soft water, at an interphase of greasy and water.

In hard water soap reacts with the mague sum and calcium ions to form insoluble precipitate (scum), which lowers the cleansing effect of the soap.  This abnormality in soap led to the introduction of synthetic detergent.

Detergents are sodium salts of an acid.  They are substance that causes oil or grease to form emulsions in water so that soap acts as a cleansing agent.

1.2     STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

The process of soap production using linear alkyl benzene sulphonate is time consuming, and this posed a little problem.   Also raw water ials and equipment used in carrying out the production was costly and may be beyond the reach of the average citizens.

1.3     AIM AND OBJECTIVES

The major aim of this research work is to produce soapless detergent of high quality.  It is designed to examine the method used in the production of soapless detergent that does not require much money.

1.4     SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY