Design And Construction Of 500va Power Inverter System With Inbuilt Battery Supply

DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF 500VA POWER INVERTER SYSTEM WITH INBUILT BATTERY SUPPLY

ABSTRACT

500VA power inverter system is a DC to AC conversion system of 500VA power rating and expected to carry around 400 watts load. It provides power to electronic and electrical appliances such as radio sets, TV DVD/VCD, computers, fans and lighting. The design was conceived and put down as block diagram. Corresponding circuit diagrams for each black box were sourced and drawn. The component values according to desired specifications were designed from the first principle and needed values derived. The transformer was also designed and with measurements and component values we went to the market. Most of the transistors were not in the market and order was made with the trader and they were later collected. These components were first wired on project board, tested before being removed and transferred to veroboard where they were soldered permanently and tested. The tests carried out were successfully including the capacity of the transformer and the transformer stability and hum-free operation. The circuit veroboard and transformer along with meters, switches, indicators and output sucket were all carefully packaged inside the system box and test carried out again. This financial test was also successful.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title                                                                                 Page

Title Page                                                                         i

Certification                                                                     ii

Dedication                                                                       iii

Acknowledgement                                                            iv

Abstract                                                                           v

Table of Contents                                                             vi

List of tables                                                                    vii

List of Figures                                                                  viii

List of Appendices                                                            ix

CHAPTER ONE

Introduction                                                                     1

Background of study                                                        1

Objective/aim of study                                                     2

The Scope of study                                                          3

Limitation of the study                                                     4

Definition of important terms                                          5

 

CHAPTER TWO

Literature review                                                              9

Feedback Oscillator Principle                                          10

Astable Mulivibrator Principle                                         11

Field Effect transistor (FET)                                             14

CHAPTER THREE

Design Methodology                                                         18

Specification                                                                    19

Inverter System Circuit Design                                        20

Voltage Regulator Monitor                                               20

Inverter Circuit                                                                22

Low Pass Filter                                                                 24

Pre-Amplifre                                                                     25

Bufer Amplifier                                                                27

Power Amplifier                                                                29

Transformer Design                                                         38

Circuit Diagram                                                               43

CHAPTER FOUR

Construction, Testing and Packing                                  44

CHAPTER FIVE

Bill of Engineering Measurement and Evaluation            49

CHAPTER SIX

Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation                  52

Summary                                                                         52

Conclusion                                                                      53

Recommendation                                                             54

References                                                                       55

Appendix 1:     Standard were Gauge (SWG) Chart          56

Appendix II:     Color Code                                               59

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

LIST OF TABLES

Table 3.1:         Coefficient of Utilization                           34

Table 3.2:         Calculated Winding Parameters               38

Table 4.1:         Transformer Test                                     46

Table 5.1:         BEME                                                      49

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

LIST OF FIGURES

Fig 2.1:    Feedback Oscillator Principle                          10

Fig 2.2:    Astable Multivibration Circuit                          11

Fig 2.3:    Symbol of an Enhancement Channel (MOSFET) 15

Fig 2.4:    MOSFET Power Transistor Schematic            17

Fig 2.5:    Symobl of MOSFET                                          17

Fig 3.1:    Power Inverter System Block Diagram             19

Fig 3.2:    Voltage Regulator/Monitor                               20

Fig 3.3:    Inverter Circuit                                                22

Fig 3.4:    Equivalent Circuit of T₂ Showing the Origin of Overshoot                                                        23

Fig 3.5:    Cascaded Low Pass Filter                                 24

Fig 3.6:    Pre-Amplifier                                                    25

Fig 3.7:    Buffer Amplifier                                               27

Fig 3.8:    Darlington Pair Power Amplifier                       29

Fig 3.9:    Output Stage                                                   30

Fig 3.10:  Transformer Schematic Diagramme         32

Fig 3.11:  Transformer Turns Schematic Diagramme      34

Fig 3.12:  Sketch of Transformer Core Lamination          40           

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

The Background of the Problem

Power inverter system is a unit developed for the conversion of direct current (DC) into alternating current (AC) to serve electronic and electrical appliances, such as radio sets, television sets, DVD/VCD, computer, photocopying machine etcetera and also provide lighting and power to fans. Inverter systems could be used in conjunction with the solar energy conversion system for the harnessing of solar power energy and also as vital part of uninterrupted power surprise system.

The concept and development of power inverter system because necessary of the poor national power supply system that resulted in incessant power supply and power outages. Power inverter is also found in use where there is no supply of electricity in the first place.

 

 

The Purpose/Objective/Aim of the Project

The purpose of the project is to design and construct a 500VA power inverter system for the supply of A.C power to serve load of about 400watts power (the active or real power, 500VA x 0.8 = 400 watts).

The objective of the project is to ensure that the research produce an inverter and step-up transformer that would be able to transform few D.C voltage of about 12 voltage to up to 220 volt A.C 50Hz obtainable from the national power supply. Electronic appliances designed and constructed for use in Nigeria are meant to work at the designed specification of 220/230 Volt AC, 50Hz in contrast to similar equipment meant to work in a country like Japan whose national electric power supply is 110 volt A.C., 60Hz.

The designed and constructed power inverter system in accordance with the specification of national power supply will not discriminate against any equipment nor serve only a particular electronic appliance. The inverter system will be universally accepted by any system operating in Nigeria or in countries that adopted same specification. BY this, the aim of the project design and construction must have been achieved.

Scope of the Project

 This project is on the design and construction of 500VA power inverter system with an in-built battery supply. In the first place, the 12 VDC battery is not part of the system to be designed implemented. The scope of the project includes designing and deriving the component values of all the circuits involved for the implementation of this project. These components are sourced and fixed in the vero board according to the determined circuitry, wired and tested through. The circuitry is completed by the design of transformer laminations and coils or windings, packaging and clamping of these laminations to air tight condition and testing through to ensure the specified rating of 400W which will supply a real power of 500VA x 0.8.

The scope of the project also coverted testing of the entire system after packaging in a metal construction with vent that will ensure in-let of air as coolant to the transformer that is expected to generate heat while in operation including power transistors.

The power inverter system produced cannot work along wired installation of power supply from the national grid unless other units are incorporated. It works on stand alone bases where no power was extended from the national into operation intermittently.