IMPACT OF MEDIA ON ACCULTURATION IN THE MODERN NIGERIAN SOCIETY
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this research (project) was to find out the impact of the media on cultural imperialism in the modern society using Enugu metropolis as a case study. The study is set out to investigate the influence of the media towards revolutionizing our culture thereby bringing up another culture in our society. Data collected from the questionnaire were used in tabulation of result of the hypothesis showed that the respondents believed that the media is the only channel of communication that can get to large number of people in this society. It thus becomes an instrument for renovation the society since it can reach the public at their various destination. Furthermore, the results showed that a great percentage of the respondents defined that the media has brought change in all aspect of human life. They believe that life will be meaningless without the aid of the media.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page i
Approval page ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgement iv
Abstract v
Table of contents vi
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Background of the Study 1
1.2 Statement of the Research Problem 5
1.3 Objective of the Study 6
1.4 Research Question 8
1.5 Research Hypothesis 9
1.6 Significant of the Study 9
1.7 Definition of Terms 10
1.8 Assumption 11
1.9 Scope and Limitation of the Study 12
References 14
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW 15
2.1 Source of Literature 15
2.2 Source of Available Literature 15
2.3 Theoretical Framework 25
2.4 Summary 26
References 28
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLGY 29
3.1 The Research Method 29
3.2 Research Design 29
3.3 Population of the Study 30
3.4 Determination 30
3.5 Sampling Techniques 31
3.6 Measuring Instrument 31
3.7 Reliability and Validity of the Study 32
3.8 Method of Data Collection 32
3.9 Method of Data Analysis 33
Reference 34
CHAPTER FOUR
PRESENTATION, INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA 35
4.2 Testing of Hypothesis 55
4.3 Discussion of Findings 64
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 Summary 67
5.2 Conclusion 69
5.3 Recommendation 70
Bibliography 72
Appendix 74
Questionnaire 75
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
Communication was traced back to the early days when people devices of means of communicating through pictures, drawing which they design on the cave walls and keep. It was known as written communication.
Around 2000- 3000 BC, the drawing and matching developed to alphabets marking the beginning the recorded history (Bitterm 1999). In 3,500Bc, the Sumerian device a pictographic writing known as uniform while Egyptians called their hydrographic.
Communication came from the Latin word: communis and communicara and means sharing meeting of minds etc, that means communication is a process which allows message to flow both ways and results to sharing of the experience. According to Frank E. K Panica in his article concept of communication.
“To communicate means to shear ideas, information, opinion, feeling and experience between people”
Wilbur Schramm pointed bout that when people communicate, they are trying to establish “commonness” with one another; it takes place through a variety of channels called mass media.
Mass medial are channels of communication through which people communicate or through which information’s disseminated to reach the wide audience, it is classified into print and eletronic media. The print is made up of magazine, periodicals, journals, newsletter or hours organs whose basis is the printed word.
1450, Johan Gutenberg of Mainz Germany, invented metal immovable tyre and there was a break through in technology, giving way for at printing in European age when the Gutenberg bible was printed followed by newspaper which first appears in China in AD 500.
In Europe, it came in existence to satisfy the commercial classes who has no interest in books. It created among the employee as hand written newsletters.
The first “daily newspaper which appeared in England was “Daily courant” from their it get to Nigeria in Abeokuta through an Anglican reverend, Henry Townsend in 1850, the name of the newspaper was. “IWE IROHIN”, FUN AEWON AEA AGBA ATI YOURB, this means newspaper for the Egbes and the yourbas.
The electronic media rely on electric impulses to get their message to the audience. They are radio, television, telex cinema and a cable messages. In 19th century the principle of “motion pictures was discovered. The 1824 discovery precludes that human eye retains an image for a fraction of a second longer than the picture, that is the ability to capture moving usual images with the camera through the use of films. Bittner 1989 discovered that electro-magnetic impulses can be sent through without the wire carrying voice transmission over long distance and is known as radio. Television was traced through iconoscope, which came into existence in 1923. It used electronics to detect and transmit pictures and its’ invention transformed television to an electronic medium which before depended on mechanical production of visual images.
Radio is a means of formalism education, culture and entertainment. Most African countries and conglomerates of units of divergent cultures, religion, injustice, and socio political enslave to wield these multi-ethnic units together and create a sense of nation ness the election is the best instrument because of it’s ability to staff illiteracy and language barrier. It was the initiation of colonialists to link the colonial territories with Britain so that radio would serve as propaganda machinery. It was also a tool for disseminating their allies culture norms, values and philosophies to the colonies. culture imperialism which formerly occurred in the sense of colonization and political domination, now it is less overt but nonetheless widespread via the mass media and the new information and communications technology. It occurs in international trade and is excessive and uncontrolled foreign investment overseas by powerful countries and transaction corporations. The economic invasion is attended by cultural invasion and with political influence.
In Nigeria, radio reception does back to the early 1930. It started as wireless bell mentoring and relaying programme for the British broadcasting corporation (BBC) for the interest of her colonial servant in the colonies. By 1951, the Nigeria broadcasting service (NBC) was formally inaugurated as a rely station working closely with B.B.C while the first television station was established in 1959 in western region.
1.2 Statement of the Research Problem
Before any research on any particular issue or topic, there must be a problem that leads to the research and as my topic is the effect of media on cultural imperialism in the modern society the research problems are
1) Western nations dominate the media around the world which in return has a powerful effect on Third World Countries by imposing in them their western views and therefore destroying their native culture
2) For the fact that human being do not have the free will to choose how they feel act, and think they react to what they see on television.
3) Shared assumption with modernization theory
4) Obscures many cultural effect of imperialism itself, how can you spot the damage done by western media.
5) Media imperialism a blessing or course to Nigeria society especially in Enugu metropolis being the case study.
1.3 Objective of the Study
This project is design to identify the media function in the Nigeria society especially in Enugu metropolis being my case study, trace its history and contributions to the development of the society.
i. To identify the extent of media involvement in grassroots development of smaller social groups (tertiary institutions) in the Nigeria context.
ii. To identify the independence of culture and communication because it is very pronounce particular it the term “culture’ is used to means the entire achievement of human creativity.
iii. To know how foreign cultures embodies in our society and brought about refinement and intellectual development to modern society.
iv. To know if media communication on cultural imperialism has influence the attitude and behavioral patterns of the people and bring about social integrations.
v. To this end, communication both between individual and nation are major component of all ways of life and thus of every culture. The role communication may be regard as that of major caries of culture.
vi. In addition, this study all contribute to the activities of the media in propagating new way of life in our present society using Enugu State as a case study.
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